Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) in Cats: What Pet Parents Need to Know
Cats rely on their keen senses and vibrant energy to navigate their daily lives, but when an upper respiratory infection (URI) strikes, it can leave even the most spirited feline feeling unwell. These infections can range from mild sniffles to more serious symptoms that disrupt your cat’s well-being. If your cat has been sneezing, coughing, or showing signs of nasal or eye discharge, it may be time to take action. Early recognition and veterinary care can make a meaningful difference in your cat’s recovery. For 24/7 guidance and expert support, contact Emergency Veterinary Care Centers today—we’re here to help your feline companion feel their best.

What Is a URI in Cats?
An upper respiratory infection in cats is similar to the common cold in humans. It affects the upper respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and sinuses. These infections are often caused by viruses, bacteria, or a combination of both, and they are highly contagious among cats.
Feline herpesvirus (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the two most common viral culprits. Bacterial infections, such as those caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica or Chlamydophila felis, may also contribute. Cats in multi-cat households, shelters, or boarding facilities are at a higher risk of contracting a URI because the infection spreads through close contact, sneezing, grooming, or shared food and water bowls.
Symptoms of a URI in Cats
A URI in cats can present in various ways, and the severity often depends on the underlying cause. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Frequent sneezing
- Clear or yellowish nasal discharge
- Watery or thick discharge from the eyes
- Coughing or wheezing
- Loss of appetite
- Fever
If your cat displays any of these symptoms, monitor them closely. Severe cases may result in difficulty breathing, lethargy, or dehydration, which require immediate veterinary attention.
Potential Causes and Risk Factors
URIs in cats are primarily caused by infectious agents, but several factors can increase the likelihood of an infection.
Viral and Bacterial Pathogens
The primary causes of a URI in cats are viruses and bacteria. Viral infections often pave the way for secondary bacterial infections, which can worsen symptoms.
Environmental Factors
Crowded conditions, such as shelters or catteries, increase the risk of spreading infections. Poor ventilation and high stress levels in these environments can exacerbate the problem.
Compromised Immune System
Cats with weakened immune systems, such as kittens, senior cats, or those with chronic illnesses, are more susceptible to URIs. Stress from recent travel or changes in routine can also lower their immunity.
The Diagnostic Process for URI in Cats
Veterinarians rely on a combination of physical examinations and diagnostic tests to identify a URI in cats. During a visit, your veterinarian will assess your cat’s symptoms, check for signs of fever or dehydration, and examine the eyes, nose, and throat. In some cases, additional tests may be needed:
- Swab tests: Collecting samples from the nose or throat can help identify specific pathogens.
- Blood work: Blood tests can assess your cat’s overall health and rule out other conditions.
- Imaging: X-rays may be recommended for cats with severe or prolonged respiratory symptoms.
Approaches to Treating URI in Cats
Treatment for a URI in cats depends on the severity of the symptoms and the underlying cause. While mild cases often resolve on their own, more severe infections may require intervention.
- Medications: Antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial infections, while antiviral medications can address specific viral causes.
- Hydration: Cats with URIs are at risk of dehydration, so fluids may be administered to maintain hydration levels.
- Nutritional Support: Encouraging your cat to eat and drink is essential, even if their appetite is reduced. Warming food or offering strong-smelling options can help.
- Symptom Management: Eye drops, nasal decongestants, or steam therapy can alleviate discomfort and congestion.
It’s important to follow your veterinarian’s recommendations and attend any follow-up appointments to ensure your cat is recovering properly.
Preventing URIs in Cats
Although URIs are common, there are effective ways to reduce your cat’s risk. Preventative measures can keep your pet healthy and limit the spread of infections.
Vaccinations
Vaccines for feline herpesvirus and calicivirus are part of the standard core vaccinations for cats. While they don’t prevent all infections, they significantly reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.
Hygiene and Environment
Maintaining a clean environment is crucial. Wash food and water bowls regularly and keep litter boxes clean. Ensure your cat has a well-ventilated and stress-free living space.
Limiting Exposure
Avoid exposing your cat to unfamiliar cats, particularly in shelters or boarding facilities. If you must board your cat, choose a reputable facility with strict hygiene protocols.
When Is It Necessary to Seek Veterinary Care for a URI in Cats?
While some URIs may resolve with time, others can lead to serious complications if left untreated. It’s vital to know when to seek professional care for your cat. Signs that require immediate attention include:
- Persistent difficulty breathing
- Lack of appetite for more than 24 hours
- Severe lethargy or unresponsiveness
- Discolored nasal discharge or worsening symptoms
If your cat exhibits any of these signs, call one of our Emergency Veterinary Care Center locations. Our team is equipped to provide the care your pet needs in urgent situations.
Supporting Your Cat’s Health Through Awareness
Recognizing the signs of a URI in cats and acting quickly can make a significant difference in their recovery. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments available, you can ensure your cat receives the best care possible. For any concerns about your cat’s health, call Emergency Veterinary Care Centers to speak with our experienced team or visit one of our locations.
Recent Posts
About Us
At Emergency Veterinary Care Centers (EVCC), we know that pet emergencies are unpredictable and often stressful. That's why our team, with over 20 years of emergency and critical care experience, is ready to assist you and your pet in the toughest situations.